Side-passes: Introduction
(1) ...the further apart the two lines of travel are in all side-passes, the greater the angle between hindquarters and forehand will be, and the more the inner pair of legs will cross over the outer, or the outer pair of legs will cross over the inner...
(2)...a. ...by the same token, with increasing angles propulsive forces coming from the hind legs will diminish. To avoid damages to the horse's body and resulting resistances of the horse's mind the following two aspects must be heeded...
(2)...b. ...(1) ...the horse's shoulder in proper bending must walk before the hindquarters in such a way as to maintain their propulsion...
(2)...c. ...(2) ...the horse's hindquarters in proper collection must be brought closer to the forehand, which results in a greater support of the forehand from the hindquartes... The degree of support determines the angle between croup and shoulders...
(3)...a. ...lateral progressions without proper bending and in steep angles provide a general benefit for suppling the skeleton's joints and muscles... however, they do not develop the horse's gaits...
(3)...b. ...gradual introduction of side-passes in proper bending and appropriate degrees of collection, on the other hand, not only constitute the continuation of bending work on one hoof track discussed in previous chapters. It establish the horse's suppleness and agility and, along with it, increases the horse's attention to the rider's hands and legs...
(3)...c. ...as such side-passes are of the highest value to all who train horses...